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    LW-I-4: Infestation with pest organism – case study

    The illustration LW-I-4 ’Infestation with pest organisms – case study’ contains a biaxial chart. The lines in the chart indicate the infestation of winter wheat with brown rust and powdery mildew by stating the percentage of infested plants. In respect of winter rapeseed, the chart indicates the maximum infestation with rape beetle by stating the number of beetles per plant. There are data available from Saxony-Anhalt – with very few data gaps – for winter wheat from 1976 to 2021.

    … Source: Julius-Kühn-Institut (analyses of infestation-data of the federal states) Download image (177.16 kB) The following contents contain this medium: LW-I-4: …

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    TOU-I-3: Market shares held by wider tourism areas

    The illustration TOU-I-3 ’Market shares held by wider tourism areas’ contains a line chart indicating the market shares held by wider tourism areas in Germany. A differentiation is made between Alps with alpine foothills, coasts, uplands, urban-type areas as well as other areas. The values for the start year 2006 are fixed at 100 and for subsequent years until 2021 the values are indexed. Until 2009, the values for the different wider tourism areas were relatively close together.

    … Market shares held by wider tourism areas Source: StBA (monthly survey in tourism) Download image (115.73 kB) The following contents contain this medium: TOU-I-3: …

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    VE-I-3: Heavy rain impacting on roads

    The illustration VE-I-3 ’Heavy rain impacting on roads’ shows stacked columns describing the percentage of the section length of federal trunk roads subjected to an exceedance of heavy rain at warning level 3 (tempest). Five categories are illustrated for the impacts, according to the number of hours concerned. 1 to 3 hours, more than 3 to 6 hours, more than 6 to 12 hours, more than 12 to 24 hours, and more than 24 hours. The highest category is represented in a few years only.

    … roads Source: DWD (Radar Climatology RADKLIM (RW) Version 2017.002)/ BASt (BISStra) Download image (101.50 kB) The following contents contain this medium: VE-I-3: Heavy …

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    VE-I-1: High-water closures to shipping on the Rhine

    The illustration VE-I-1 entitled ’High-water closures on the Rhine’ contains a grouped bar chart which shows closures to Rhine shipping owing to high water when the HSW was reached or exceeded at the gauges of Maxau (Upper Rhine), Kaub (Middle Rhine) and Cologne (Lower Rhine). The number of high-water closures is illustrated, covering the period from 1970 to 2010, and from 2011 to 2021 the aggregated duration of closures in days with reference to quarter-hourly measurements of water levels is shown.

    … Rhine Source: Generaldirektion Wasserstraßen und Schifffahrt (closures to shipping) Download image (120.56 kB) The following contents contain this medium: VE-I-1 + 2: …

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    WW-I-9: Spring algal bloom in lakes

    The line chart WW-I-9 ’Spring algal bloom in lakes’ shows the calendar week with the onset of spring algal bloom – for the years 2003 to 2021 and for the North German Plain, the uplands as well as the Alps-and-foothills. In each case the median is stated for 20 selected lakes. There are no data available for the years of 2012 to 2015. Depending on the region, spring algal bloom in 2003 still occurred in the calendar weeks 17 to 19, whereas in 2021, this process began as early as the calendar weeks 11 to 13.

    … in lakes Source: Brockmann Consult GmbH/ CAU Kiel (analysis of satellite data) Download image (135.41 kB) The following contents contain this medium: WW-I-9: …

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    WW-I-6: Low water

    The bar chart WW-I-6 ‘Low water* shows – for the years of 1961 to 2021 – the number of low-water days in the water-balance related winter half-year (1st October of the previous year to 31st March) and in the water-balance related summer half-year (1st April to 30th September) respectively, prevailing in Germany’s river basins. The structure of the indicator is characterised by individual pronounced low-water events which occurred latterly in the period from 2018 to 2020.

    … WW-I-6: Low water Source: Run-off measurement of federal states Download image (103.56 kB) The following contents contain this medium: WW-I-6: Low …

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    WW-I-3: Mean discharge

    The bar chart WW-I-3 ’Mean discharge’ shows the mean runoff depth for all river basins in Germany in the hydrological winter half-year (1st November of the previous year till 30th April) and in the hydrological summer half-year (1st May till 31st October) in the years of 1961 to 2021 in millimetres. The runoff depth in the hydrological summer half-year of 2021 decreased significantly during the period of observation, in the amount of slightly more than 100 millimetres.

    … WW-I-3: Mean discharge Source: Run-off measurement of federal states Download image (88.83 kB) The following contents contain this medium: WW-I-3: Mean …

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    WW-R-2: GAK funds for flood protection

    The stacked columns chart WW-R-2 ‘GAK funds for flood protection’ shows the amount of public expenditure on investments made in flood protection measures in million Euros from Federal Government funding, Länder funding, and from additional national funding as well as EU funding during the time series 2007 to 2021. The expenditure has increased significantly since 2013 reaching its highest point in 2018 with just under 400 million Euros. It was possible to reach the same level in 2021.

    … WW-R-2: GAK funds for flood protection Source: BMEL (GAK reporting) Download image (114.36 kB) The following contents contain this medium: WW-R-2 + 3: …

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    WW-R-1: Water use index

    The XY scatter chart WW-R-1 ’Water use index’ shows the development of the water use index between 1991 and 2021. Two time series show the water use index as a percentual proportion of water use compared to the available water supply in the amount of 188 billion cubic metres, which is the mean of available water resources in the years of 1961 to 1990, and as a percentual proportion of water use compared to the available water supply in the amount of 176 billion cubic metres.

    … UBA (based on data of StBA on water abstraction and BfG on water availability) Download image (84.59 kB) The following contents contain this medium: WW-R-1: Water …