Publications

The report provides a comprehensive overview of the potential benefits of energy disclosure for electricity, gas, hydrogen, and heating and cooling. Energy disclosure regulations vary among individual EU member states. The report highlights the need for harmonization at the European level. A methodology for evaluating existing or proposed disclosure systems is presented and applied.

Many small and medium-sized non-road mobile machines (NRMM) can be electrified by 2050 from a technical standpoint. For large machines with high power requirements, however, limitations remain. The study therefore recommends a combination of electrification, targeted regulatory incentives, and the use of renewable fuels for applications that are difficult to electrify.

Life cycle analyses (LCA) were conducted for 56 production pathways for hydrogen (green, blue, turquoise), ammonia, methane, methanol, dimethyl ether (DME) and Fischer-Tropsch products, supplemented by 12 target scenarios for optimized future technologies.

On behalf of the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy, the Working Group on Renewable Energy Statistics (AGEE-Stat) takes stock of the use of renewable energies and annually prepares an official estimate of the development of renewable energies for the previous year.

As part of the project, an assessment of strategies to reduce land consumption was conducted for selected countries. Among other things, the study examined which national targets and instruments exist in other countries, what progress has been made in implementing them, and whether there are obstacles to effective land-conservation policies.

The project used high-resolution spatial and temporal simulations of the ERGOM-MOM 3D ecosystem model to review existing nutrient reduction targets for the Western Baltic Sea. Scenario simulations were used to assess the effects of reduction measures on improving water quality.

The report proposes an integrated, tiered assessment strategy for aquatic and terrestrial bioaccumulation, combining in silico, in vitro, and invertebrate approaches to minimise vertebrate testing while maintaining the current level of environmental protection.

This publication presents a scenario-based modelling assessment of the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS 1) and the FuelEU Maritime Regulation (FEUM), evaluating their individual and combined impacts on the decarbonisation of the European maritime transport sector.

The Marine Strategy Framework Directive requires a regular assessment of the eutrophication status of the North Sea and Baltic Sea. The basis for the assessment for Germany is the reference condition based on historical nutrient inputs around 1880.

The report investigates how pH influences the toxicity and bioaccumulation of ionizable chemicals in aquatic environments. Ionizable substances switch between neutral and ionic forms, depending on the pH, which directly affects their uptake and toxicity.

This report presents the findings of the project “Analysis of the competitive Situation and the Carbon Leakage risk in European industries”. The aim of the project was to examine how new climate policy developments at the time were affecting the established debate on carbon leakage, and what policy measures required to address these developments.

In the context of the ETS review starting in July 2026, the European Commission is expected to propose the integration of permanent carbon dioxide removals (CDR) into the EU Emissions Trading System 1. While beneficial, this integration also raises concerns due to several risks including mitigation deterrence, market uncertainty, and sustainability impacts.