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  • Article from 21.08.2023 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Heat pumps

    Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe

    … Source: Gerd / Adobe Stock Heat pumps are coming into increasing use for heating of buildings and for hot water production in commercial as well as … a very energy-efficient way. last update on 21.08.2023 Energy efficient heat pumps using the natural refrigerant propane (R290) are available for all heat sources. If … criteria certified by RAL gGmbH. The Blue Angel for heat pumps ( UZ 230 ) can be used to label appliances that use natural (halogen-free) refrigerants and are …

  • Article from 30.06.2024 | Last changed: 30.05.2024

    Supermarket refrigeration

    indoor sight of a supermarket

    … last update on 30.06.2024 News Regulation (EU) 2024/573 on fluorinated greenhouse gases has been published and entered into force on 11 March 2024 The new … funding for energy-efficient stationary refrigeration and air conditioning systems using natural refrigerants. Climate-friendly cooling of food If you want to stop … With various concepts, halogen-free substances such as hydrocarbons and CO 2 are used as refrigerants in refrigeration systems in the food retail trade. Such systems …

  • Article from 08.10.2020 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Application domains and emission reduction

    … Application domains and emission reduction Fluorinated greenhouse gases, which are used as refrigerants, blowing agents, propellants, fire extinguishing agents and …

  • Article from 27.06.2025 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    German emissions of fluorinated greenhouse gases

    German emissions of fluorinated greenhouse gases As a signatory to the United … required to elaborate annual emission inventories, including for fluorinated greenhouse gases. last update on 27.06.2025 In keeping with the international requirements …

  • Article from 20.07.2023 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Persistent fluorinated greenhouse gases

    The atmospheric concentration increases. It was 10 ppt in 2020.

    Persistent fluorinated greenhouse gases Due to the stability of SF6, the … increasing. Source: AGAGE last update on 20.07.2023 Long-lived fluorinated greenhouse gases are characterized by a long atmospheric residence time and a global … over 2013-2016. This was stated in a 2018 report by the EU Commission. PFCs are used in a variety of ways. In Germany, their emissions have been falling in recent …

  • Article from 20.07.2023 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Emissions and degradation products

    Look from outer space: the Indian Ocean

    … products Sun and clouds over the Indian Ocean Source: NASA Fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases, i.e. partially fluorinated hydrocarbons, fully fluorinated hydrocarbons, sulphur hexafluoride and nitrogen trifluoride) are used for purposes such as refrigerants, foam blowing agents in certain foam …

  • Article from 04.04.2024 | Last changed: 04.04.2024

    Fluorinated greenhouse gases and fully halogenated CFCs

    blue sky and white clouds

    Fluorinated greenhouse gases and fully halogenated CFCs Some fluorinated greenhouse gases, halons and CFCs have very high global warming potential. Source: CC … agreed on a roadmap to phase down HFCs. This substance group, which was initially used as an alternative to ozone-depleting substances (ODS) like chlorofluorocarbons …

  • Article from 24.07.2019 | Last changed: 04.11.2021

    Safe management of drinking water supplies

    Scheme of the Water Safety Plan concept: What can go wrong in our water supply? What risks does this cause for our supply? How can we control them? How do we know that they are under control?

    … approach can be universally applied, irrespective of the type of raw water source used, the size or the complexity of the water supply. For practical implementation … chemical, physical or radiological agent in the water supply system which may cause harm to public health. Hazardous events in the WSP context are incidents or …

  • Article from 29.12.2022 | Last changed: 02.01.2023

    Identifying and managing flood risks

    Comprehensive and river basin-wide management is needed to deal with floods.

    … since 2007. last update on 29.12.2022 Flood risk management The enormous damage caused by recurring floods, illustrates how important it is to deal with precautionary … and river basin-wide management. This includes precautionary measures (e.g., land use planning, floodplain designation, flood-adapted construction, technical … (3) low probability - expected recurrence interval at least once in 200 years. By using these hazard and risk maps, citizens can identify existing hazards and risks …

  • Article from 06.03.2025 | Last changed: 06.03.2025

    Formaldehyde

    Gronspanplatten gestapelt

    … How is formaldehyde classified in the EU? Formaldehyde is a substance that has been used industrially for a long time and was originally mainly used to preserve … skin, causes severe skin burns and eye damage, toxic if inhaled, suspected of causing genetic defects and may cause an allergic skin reaction. Since June 2014, …

  • Article from 23.04.2025 | Last changed: 23.06.2025

    Research and development projects on nanomaterials

    Nano structures

    … on a literature review. Based on that it will be derived which test systems must be used in order to be able to make specific statements on the ecotoxicology of these materials. Selected test systems will be tested and adapted using selected fibrous and platelet materials as examples. In this way, …

  • Article from 28.11.2019 | Last changed: 13.02.2020

    Nanotechnology

    Nano structures

    … and to identify further need for action. On the one hand UBA supports the use of nanotechnology with ecological potential and it funds innovations suited to … for the testing of dissolution and dispersion stability of nanomaterials, and the use of the data for further environmental testing and assessment strategies … and to identify further need for action. On the one hand UBA supports the use of nanotechnology with ecological potential and it funds innovations suited to …