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    FW-I-8: Forest fire hazards and forest fires

    The line chart FW-I-8 ‘Forest fire hazards and forest fires’ contains two lines which indicate the development of terrain affected by forest fires in hectares and the mean number of days with fire reports in hazard categories (FWI 4 + 5) at stations in areas with very high to medium forest fire hazards. The terrain affected by forest fires suffered several distinct peaks in the period of 1991 to 2021. In 1992 the affected terrain comprised just under 5,000 hectares.

    … fires Source: BLE (forest fire statistics Germany)/ DWD (regionalised Canadian FWI) Download image (161.16 kB) The following contents contain this medium: FW-I-8: …

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    FW-I-4: Dieback rate

    The line chart FW-I-4 ’Dieback rate’ shows – for the tree species of pine, spruce, beech and oak and for all these tree species combined – the crown defoliation mean in per cent for the period of 1990 to 2021. Up until 2018 the species-specific dieback rate fluctuated between 0.0 and 0.5 per cent. In those years, the dieback rate in respect of oak was mostly slightly higher than that of other tree species. In the years of 2019, 2020 and 2021 the dieback rates of all tree species increased distinctly.

    … FW-I-4: Dieback rate Source: BMEL (nationwide forest condition survey) Download image (124.07 kB) The following contents contain this medium: FW-I-3 + 4: …

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    WW-R-3: Investments in flood protection (case study)

    The stacked columns chart WW-R-3 ’Investments in flood protection – case study’ shows the investments in flood protection in million Euros by the state of Hesse for the years 2000 to 2021. The investments are divided into grants to local authorities for non-technical flood protection (2nd and 3rd order waters), grants to local authorities for technical flood protection (2nd and 3rd order waters), grants for conceptional preparatory work (1st order waters) and grants relating to technical flood protection

    … WW-R-3: Investments in flood protection (case study) Source: HMUKLV (budget account) Download image (94.97 kB) The following contents contain this medium: WW-R-2 + 3: …

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    GE-R-1: Heat warning service

    The bar chart GE-R-1 ’Heat warning service’ illustrates the annual number of newsletter subscriptions for the heat warning service provided by the GWS from 2008 onwards. The number was rising significantly and latterly amounted to just under 15,000 subscriptions. There are no data available for the years of 2018 or 2019.

    … DWD (heat warning service/ records of newsletter subscribers and warnings issued) Download image (62.52 kB) … The bar chart GE-R-1 ’Heat warning service’ illustrates …

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    BAU-I-4: Heavy rain in residential areas

    The stacked column chart in the illustration BAU-I-4 entitled ‘Heavy rain in residential areas’ shows the percentual proportion of settlement area where heavy-rain warning level 3 (tempests) was exceeded in terms of the number of hours. Five categories have been illustrated: 1 to 3 hours, more than 3 to 6 hours, more than 6 to 12 hours, more than 12 to 24 hours, and more than 24 hours. The highest category is represented only in a few years.

    … areas Source: DWD (Radar Climatology RADKLIM (RW) Version 2017.002)/ BKG (DLM250) Download image (92.20 kB) The following contents contain this medium: BAU-I-4: Heavy …

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    FW-I-5: Damaged timber – extent of random use

    The illustration FW-I-5 ’Damaged timber – extent of random use’ contains a biaxial chart. The chart shows the proportion of random use compared to the logging total in per cent as a line, and the proportion of damage causes compared to the total of random use in per cent in terms of stacked columns. A differentiation is made between causes such as wind/storm, insects and other causes. The proportion of random use decreased steadily until the turn of the century, amounting to roughly 10 per cent in 1999.

    … timber – extent of random use Source: BMEL and StBA (timber logging statistics) Download image (150.89 kB) The following contents contain this medium: FW-I-5: …

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    FW-I-2: Incremental growth in timber

    The XY scatter chart FW-I-2 ’Incremental growth in timber’ shows dots representing the annual incremental growth on the area of ground (growth in thickwood with bark) in square metres per hectare and year, differentiated by the following tree species: spruce, beech, oak and pine, for the periods of 2002 to 2008, 2008 to 2012 and 2012 to 2017 respectively. As yet, there are no data available for the years of 2017 to 2022. The incremental growth rates for beech, oak and pine trees have declined since 2002.

    … (analyses based on the national forest inventory and carbon inventory) Download image (72.74 kB) The following contents contain this medium: FW-I-2: …

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    FW-R-2: Conservation of forest-genetic resources

    The bar chart FW-R-2 ‘Conservation of forest-genetic resources’ indicates the terrain of stands dedicated to the purpose of genetic conservation on the natural site (in-situ) of the occurrence of species and of stands and seed plantations cultivated for the purpose of genetic conservation outside their natural occurrence (ex-situ) in the years of 2004, 2010, 2012, 2017 and 2022 respectively. In the period of 2004 to 2010, the total terrain of in-situ stands increased to roughly 32,000 hectares.

    … ressources)/ FGRDEU-Online (national inventory of forest genetic ressources)) Download image (100.25 kB) The following contents contain this medium: FW-R-2: …

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    LW-I-4: Infestation with pest organism – case study

    The illustration LW-I-4 ’Infestation with pest organisms – case study’ contains a biaxial chart. The lines in the chart indicate the infestation of winter wheat with brown rust and powdery mildew by stating the percentage of infested plants. In respect of winter rapeseed, the chart indicates the maximum infestation with rape beetle by stating the number of beetles per plant. There are data available from Saxony-Anhalt – with very few data gaps – for winter wheat from 1976 to 2021.

    … Source: Julius-Kühn-Institut (analyses of infestation-data of the federal states) Download image (177.16 kB) The following contents contain this medium: LW-I-4: …