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KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 17.12.2024

BD-I-2: Temperature index for bird species communities

The picture shows an icterine warbler singing from a twig.

… of individual species. There is however evidence from scientific research which indicates that, in addition to changes in land use, climate-related changes can play … such a development has been observed in 88 bird species breeding in Germany. As indicated by the temperature index for frequently occurring breeding bird species, … other groups of species such as butterflies or vascular plants can be used as indicators for long-term temperature changes related to climate change (cf. …

KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 12.12.2024

FW-I-3 + 4: Forest condition and dieback rate

… to the drought years of 2018 to 2020, the dieback rates for all main tree species índicate a spontaneous, distinct increase. In the case of spruce stands, extensive … with trees dying For many years, the condition of crowns was considered a suitable indicator for illustrating the impacts of pollutants on the vitality of forest … days the frequency is every two or three years. Up until 2017 there had been no indications that the condition of forests was deteriorating continuously owing to …

DzU article from 22.12.2025 | Last changed: 22.12.2025

Indicator: National Welfare Index

A graph shows the national welfare index (NWI) and gross domestic product (2000 = 100) for the years between 1991 and 2024. Since 2000, the NWI has increased by 10.7 percent, while GDP rose by 27.4 percent.

… Indicator: National Welfare Index Development of the national welfare index (NWI) … as PDF (134.29 kB) Figure as Excel with data (42.68 kB) Overview Environmental Indicators last update on 22.12.2025 At a glance Gross domestic product (GDP) … in phases. In recent years some growth has been seen. Environmental importance GDP indicates the economic performance of an economy and has been recognised as an …

KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 17.12.2024

BAU-R-1: Recreation areas

The picture shows an aerial photograph of the ‘Straße des 17. Juni’, a street commemorating the building of the Berlin Wall (the anniversary of German unification takes place annually on 17th June). To the right and left of this street, you can see the canopy of trees in the Große Tiergarten park. The city’s silhouette is visible in the picture’s horizon, including the Reichstags building, tv tower, cathedral and the Brandenburg Gate.

… LiKi with data from the AK UGRdL of the statistical offices of the federal states (indicator C4 – recreation area) Urban green to cool the urban climate Exposure to … be affected by the more frequent heat stress expected to occur in the future (cf. Indicators GE-I-1 , GE-I-3 ). Heat stress is also and in particular, caused by high …

KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 05.01.2026

BO-R-1: Humus contents in soils of arable land and grassland soils

The picture shows a hand forming a small mound of dark-brown, humus-rich soil.

… the availability of more material for conversion to organic soil matter (cf. Indicator BO-I-4 ). Changed precipitation scenarios also affect humus formation. For … balance over the past 35 years. As far as arable land is concerned, the mean value indicated a slight decline in Corg contents by 3 % compared to the baseline …

KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 11.12.2024

WW-R-1: Water use index

The picture shows a hand on the handle of a tap, with a weak water jet pouring into a wash-hand basin.

… (for instance for the purpose of irrigation in agriculture and horticulture, cf. Indicator LW-R-6 ). This is true, in particular, for central parts of eastern … 128 litres in 2019. More recent figures are not available. However, there are signs indicating that in 2020 and 2021, the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic also affected …

KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 11.12.2024

GE-I-2: Heat-related mortalities

The picture shows an elderly woman wearing a white blouse. The lady is holding on to a rollator with one hand, while she is holding the back of her left hand to her forehead. In the background, a few fuzzy treetops or bushes are visible in bright light.

… from studies that in densely built-up urban areas, where heat islands develop (cf. Indicator BAU-I-2 ) and where increased values of dust from fine particles and ozone … exceeds the seasonally typical and thus expected values, this is taken as an indication that there are extraordinary events involved. The number of heat-related …

KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 20.09.2024

Cluster Biological diversity

In the foreground the picture shows a banded demoiselle which has landed on the blossom of a yellow waterbuttercup. The background of this picture is blurred.

… becoming shorter and milder. The vegetation period is lasting longer overall (cf. Indicator BD-I-1 ). Abiotic stress due to heat and drought causes major ecological … processes in agriculture such as pollination or the natural control of pests (cf. Indicators LW-I-4 ). Climate change entails changes in species communities. This is demonstrated, for instance, by relationships between birds and butterflies (cf. Indicators BD-I-2 and BD-I-3 ): Thermophilic species are on the increase whereas …

KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.12.2024

FiW-I-1:Claims ratio, combined ratio in homeowners’ comprehensive insurance

The picture shows the top view of a building roofed with red tiles. To the right and left of the roof ridge you can see numerous large hailstones. Some of the roof tiles are broken.

… billion Euros resulting from the August floods focused on the Elbe/Danube area (cf. Indicator WW-I-4 ) – the most expensive year in terms of damages paid by … the course of the past 50 years. 213 Whether an insurance segment is profitable is indicated by the so-called combined ratio. The storm events of recent years left …

KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 11.12.2024

WW-I-5: Peak discharge values in watercourses

The picture shows a detailed view of a strong current. The water is tinged brown owing to its mud content.

… Source: Run-off measurement of federal states Some flood events are extreme The indicator in respect of floodwater days (cf. WW-I-4 ) does not permit any statements … by flooding – can lead to serious material damage and personal injury (cf. Indicator BAU-I-5 ). The designation of flood plains and the dimensioning of flood …

KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 12.12.2024

FW-R-3: Humus reserves in forest soils

… water and nutrients Apart from controlling the composition of tree species (cf. Indicator FW-R-1 ) and the selection of appropriate provenance (cf. Indicator FW-R-2 … reserves. Research projects undertaken in the region of the Bavarian Alps have indicated, however, that distinct humus losses occurred there, most strongly in soil …

KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.11.2025

KM-I-1: Water temperature in the sea

The picture shows a view of the surface of the sea from below. The sun’s rays are beaming through the water’s surface. The sea is coloured dark blue to turquoise-green.

… patterns as well as natural climate variation, the oceans’ temperature development indicates less pronounced fluctuations, especially in deeper strata. Between 1960 … for over 50 years by the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH). For the indicator, the annual mean temperatures were calculated on the basis of aggregated …