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  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 12.12.2024

    FW-I-1: Tree species composition in forest nature reserves – case study

    The picture shows a near-natural forest with beech trees. In the foreground there is an uprooted tree lying on the ground.

    … by climate change. As far as the second and third observation periods from 2014 to 2018 and from 2019 to 2023 respectively are concerned, the direction of development … to greater tree mortality owing to drought years occurring more frequently since 2018. Whilst major fluctuations were observed regarding the proportions of pioneer … areas, the stand density had still increased distinctly in the period of 2014 to 2018. Associated content Documents FW-I-1 Indikator-Factsheet (233.08 kB) Tags ash …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 30.09.2024

    Cluster Trade and industry

    The picture shows a sectional view of a wooded landscape. There is an industrial estate visible in the distance, consisting of several buildings and facilities. There is smoke rising from some chimneys. The sky is densely cloud-covered. Above the horizon, the sky is tinged with yellow, with dark, greyish-blue clouds billowing at the margin of the picture. In a few lighter places, rays of the sun are penetrating the band of clouds.

    … on the intensity of heat stress – can in some cases fall by up to 12 %. For 2018 and 2019 it was estimated that – on the basis of this assumption – direct … subject to an unusually long phase of low-water levels in late summer and autumn 2018. Consequently, this led to draught restrictions having to be imposed on inland … limited extent, thus declining compared to 2017 by 11.1 % (cf. Indicator VE-I-2 ). 2018 witnessed the beginning of a prolonged drought period which impacted companies …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.11.2025

    WW-I-10: Water temperature of watercourses

    The picture shows a shallow, slow-flowing watercourse in sunny weather under a cloudless sky. Through the clear, reddish-brown shimmering water, the stony bed of the river is visible; some of the stones in the foreground project beyond the surface of the water. The banks are lined by mixed woodlands.

    … make any statements regarding long-term trends. The extremely high temperatures in 2018 and the associated lack of oxygen led to fish dying in many German water … of 7.2 °C was the coldest year in the decade of 1991–2000. The high values in 2018 and 2019 were due in part to high summer temperatures and low water levels. So … barbels it is 20 °C, and in the bream and chub-flounder regions it is 25 °C. 65 In 2018 these critical temperatures were exceeded in many locations. For instance, in …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.11.2025

    Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘transport' action field

    … occur in tandem with negligible precipitation in summer as for instance in 2018, 2019 and latterly also 2022 (cf. figure 4 ), this can entail intensive and … Indicator WW-I-2 ) as well as distinct low-water phases; the hot and dry summers of 2018 to 2020 have entailed three years in which extremely low water levels were … occur in tandem with negligible precipitation in summer as for instance in 2018, 2019 and latterly also 2022 (cf. figure 4 ), this can entail intensive and …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.11.2025

    BAU-I-1 + 2: Heat stress in urban areas and summer heat island effect

    … by the areal mean for Germany as a whole. Especially in years such as 2015 and 2018 with above-average hot summer months, records show increased frequencies of … nationwide mean. In years with above-average hot summers, such as 2003, 2015 and 2018, the differences are particularly distinct. In 2018 the hitherto highest nationwide mean in Frankfurt am Main was exceeded more …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 17.12.2024

    VE-I-5: Impacts on roads due to weather conditions and weather patterns

    The picture shows the upper part of the tail end of a vehicle belonging to the highway maintenance service. The vehicle is orange and its rear doors are marked with the word ’Streckenwartung’ (track maintenance) and reflective red-and-white striped stickers. There are warning lights fitted to the vehicle.

    … patterns Highway maintenance services were extraordinarily busy in 2007, 2010, 2018 and 2021. In 2007 and 2010 the main task was to remedy the damage wrought by hurricanes Cyril and Xynthia respectively. In 2018 the impacts of storm, hailstones and heavy rain kept the highway maintenance … disasters was particularly high in the years 2007 and 2010, and latterly also in 2018 and 2021. In the first-mentioned decades, a large area of Germany was struck by …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.11.2025

    KM-I-4: Coastal morphology – case study

    The picture shows a light-brown cliffscape near Ahrenshoop on the Baltic Sea coast. At the foot of the cliff, you can see the sea and the spray of a wave. In one coastal section, you can see loose material and rock fragments which have been shifted from the cliff top to the bottom of the cliff.

    … the influence of storm surges on coastal decline: During the periods of 2017 / 2018 and 2018 / 2019 storm surges (some of them severe), caused partly severe erosion on the Fischland-Hochufer shore. In the autumn of 2018, east winds combined with major water volumes in the Baltic Sea, caused sea …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 17.12.2024

    BAU-I-3: Cooling degree days

    The picture shows the glass frontage of a house reflecting the sun. Some of the windows are part-shaded by means of external roller shutters.

    … (RW) Version 2017.002)/ BKG (DLM250) Increasing demands on summer heat protection 2018 and latterly 2022 have so far been the hottest years in Germany since meteorological records began. So far 2018 has been the only year in which more than 20 hot days were recorded when the … that, among other endeavours, and in view of the extraordinarily hot years of 2018, 2019 and finally 2022, and also in view of the GEG regulations to summer heat …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 11.12.2024

    WW-I-9: Spring algal bloom in lakes

    The picture shows an aerial view of a lake. Its surface is coloured a luminous green in places, owing to spring algal bloom. There are agricultural fields visible in the lake’s vicinity.

    … (Copernicus Sentinel 2 Data [2023 modified]: Kummerower See image dated 07.05.2018) 2023 Monitoring Report on the German Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change … spring phases (cf. Indicator BD-I-1 ). The overall extraordinarily warm year of 2018 followed a mild winter although there was a very cold spell in February. All … March of that year. This is a major reason for the onset of spring algal bloom in 2018 occurring later compared to subsequent years. In early April the weather in the …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.11.2025

    Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘building sector’ field

    … particularly significant in years with extraordinarily warm summers such as 2015, 2018 and 2019. For example, in 2018 the nationwide average was 20.4 hot days, whilst Frankfurt am Main experienced … particularly significant in years with extraordinarily warm summers such as 2015, 2018 and 2019. For example, in 2018 the nationwide average was 20.4 hot days, whilst …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.11.2025

    GE-I-7: Health hazards from vibrios – case study

    The picture shows an outstretched foot on a sandy beach. There are two abrasions visible above the ankle.

    … chronically sick, immune-deficient and elderly people are particularly at risk. In 2018 and 2019 there were eight mortalities among these groups of people, that were … amounting to more than 100 million KbE/l – was recorded in the record heat year of 2018 when a stable high pressure bridge extending from the Azores to the Barents Sea … C., Oliver J.D., Alam M., Afsar A., Matthew K. W., Firdausi Q., Martinez-Urtaza J. 2018: Vibrio spp. infections. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 4, 1-19. 30 - Brehm …

  • Cover from 26.11.2025

    Adaptation to climate change

    Sandsäcke wurden vor einer Haustür aufgestapelt, um das Haus vor Hochwasser zu schützen

    … have become more frequent and severe. The hot and extremely dry summer of 2018 is just one of many examples. This trend is bound to increase in the future. … have become more frequent and severe. The hot and extremely dry summer of 2018 is just one of many examples. This trend is bound to increase in the future. …