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  • Article from 17.06.2025 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Switchgear

    Illustration of a typical gas-insulated switchgear

    … (SF₆), which has a very high global warming potential, is used for insulation and arc quenching in switchgear. SF₆ emissions have been successfully reduced thanks … in German) UBA web page: EU Regulation on fluorinated greenhouse gases Documents Concept for SF6-free transmission and distribution of electrical energy (Final Report) (2.90 MB) Concept for SF6-free transmission and distribution of electrical energy (Summary) …

  • Article from 26.03.2019 | Last changed: 19.02.2020

    Building air conditioning

    A lot of room air conditioners hangig on the face of a building

    … Building air conditioning Room air conditioners contain environmentally harmful HFCs and use a lot of electricity. Source: kanvag / Fotolia.com It is only recently that air conditioning has become relatively common in German buildings. The high standard of living has ramped up expectations concerning comfort and convenience in the home and particularly at the workplace, and this in turn has …

  • Article from 21.08.2023 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Heat pumps

    Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe

    … / Adobe Stock Heat pumps are coming into increasing use for heating of buildings and for hot water production in commercial as well as industrial applications. Heat … friendly because the global warming potentials of these refrigerants are very low and no persistent degradation products are formed from the emitted refrigerants. … 230 ) can be used to label appliances that use natural (halogen-free) refrigerants and are characterized - beyond the legal requirements - by additional …

  • Article from 30.06.2024 | Last changed: 30.05.2024

    Supermarket refrigeration

    indoor sight of a supermarket

    … refrigeration Supermarkets should cool climate friendly, energy-efficient and without fluorocarbon. Source: Bernard Bailly / Fotolia.com According to the … If you want to stop using HFC refrigerants, you have the option today. With various concepts, halogen-free substances such as hydrocarbons and CO 2 are used as …

  • Article from 08.10.2020 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Application domains and emission reduction

    … Application domains and emission reduction Fluorinated greenhouse gases, which are used as refrigerants, … Documents Supermarket Refrigeration: Environmentally Sound Alternatives (1.21 MB) Concepts for non-residential buildings with data centres (1.19 MB) Tags …

  • Article from 20.07.2023 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Emissions and degradation products

    Look from outer space: the Indian Ocean

    … Emissions and degradation products Sun and clouds over the Indian Ocean Source: NASA Fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases, … (HF) the persistent and very mobile trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) can be formed. … Emissions and degradation products …

  • Article from 04.04.2024 | Last changed: 04.04.2024

    Fluorinated greenhouse gases and fully halogenated CFCs

    blue sky and white clouds

    … Fluorinated greenhouse gases and fully halogenated CFCs Some fluorinated greenhouse gases, halons and CFCs have very high global warming potential. Source: CC Vision Substances such …

  • Article from 24.07.2019 | Last changed: 04.11.2021

    Safe management of drinking water supplies

    Scheme of the Water Safety Plan concept: What can go wrong in our water supply? What risks does this cause for our supply? How can we control them? How do we know that they are under control?

    … of drinking water supplies Safe drinking-water management Source: UBA: WSP-Handbuch Drinking-water is most likely safe if all process steps – i.e. abstraction, … (WSP) approach of WHO With the 2003 edition of the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, GDWQ , the WHO recommended a comprehensive risk assessment and risk … assessment and systematic process control . It is an operational quality management concept which includes the following steps: The first step of the WSP approach is …

  • Article from 02.08.2019 | Last changed: 19.08.2019

    Information on the O3 exceedance table

    … exceedances in the current year at the measuring stations of the German States and UBA. last update on 02.08.2019 Target values To protect human health ozone … 3 on more than 25 days in a year (averaged over 3 years), EU Directives 2002/3/EC and 2008/50/EC ). The long-term target is for exceedances to not occur at all. … the entire region of the Geneva Air Pollution Convention Tags air air pollutant air quality ozone … The table shows the up-to-date number of days of ozone exceedances …

  • Article from 29.12.2022 | Last changed: 02.01.2023

    Identifying and managing flood risks

    Comprehensive and river basin-wide management is needed to deal with floods.

    … Identifying and managing flood risks Comprehensive and river basin-wide management is needed to deal with floods. Source: Jörg … und kommunale Daseinsvorsorge.   Wasser und Abfall 23, 13–18 (2021). …   … Identifying and managing flood risks …

  • Article from 23.04.2025 | Last changed: 23.06.2025

    Research and development projects on nanomaterials

    Nano structures

    … Research and development projects on nanomaterials Nano structures are more than 1000 times … of nanocarriers and (3) to develop proposals for the adaptation of existing concepts for assessment. In this way, the project should contribute to the …