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Climate change
European Methane Regulation
Climate Impacts and Adaptation
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Accelerating global climate action by 2030
Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases and Fully Halogenated CFCs
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Ten country reports on ambitious climate policy
Ambitious greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC)
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Impacts of climate change
Monitoring Report 2023
Climate Impacts Germany
Risks and potential for adaptation
Climate models and scenarios

Monitoring Report 2023
Introduction
Development of Germany’s climate
Indicators of climate change impacts and adaptation

Indicators of climate change impacts and adaptation
Cluster Human Health
Cluster Water balance and water management
Cluster Coastal and marine protection
Cluster Fisheries
Cluster Soil
Cluster Agriculture
Cluster Woodland and forestry
Cluster Biological diversity
Cluster Building Sector
Cluster Energy industry
Cluster Transport, transport infrastructure
Cluster Trade and industry
Cluster Tourism industry
Cluster Financial services industry
Cluster Spatial, regional and urban development planning
Cluster Civic protection
Cluster Cross-sectional activities carried out at Federal level

Cluster Human Health
Effects chain – Example from the ‘human health’ action field
GE-I-1: Heat stress
GE-I-2: Heat-related mortalities
GE-I-3: Birch pollen burdens
GE-I-4: Ragweed pollen burden
GE-I-5: Pathogen vectors – case study
GE-I-6: Contamination of bathing waters by cyanobacteria burdens
GE-I-7: Health hazards from vibrios – case study
GE-I-8: Index – case study
GE-I-9: Ozone burden
GE-R-1 + 2: Heat warning service and Public awareness of health problems
GE-R-3: Information on pollen
GE-R-4: Submissions for the Mückenatlas

Cluster Water balance and water management
Effects chain – Example ‘water balance and water management’
WW-I-1: Terrestrially stored water
WW-I-2: Groundwater level and spring flow – Northern and Southern Region
WW-I-3: Mean discharge
WW-I-4: Floodwater
WW-I-5: Peak discharge values in watercourses
WW-I-6: Low water
WW-I-7: Water levels in lakes
WW-I-8: Water temperature in lakes
WW-I-9: Spring algal bloom in lakes
WW-I-10: Water temperature of watercourses
WW-R-1: Water use index
WW-R-2 + 3: GAK funds for and investments in flood protection

Cluster Coastal and marine protection
Effects chain – Example ‘coastal and marine protection’
KM-I-1: Water temperature in the sea
KM-I-2: Sea levels
KM-I-3: Height of storm surges
KM-I-4: Coastal morphology – case study
KM-I-5: Change of flow direction
KM-I-6: Pumping station performance – case study
KM-R-1: Investments in coastal protection
KM-R-2: Land protection dykes without safety deficit – case study

Cluster Fisheries
Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘fisheries’ action field
FI-I-1: Distribution of thermophilic marine species
FI-I-2: Herring larvae in the Greifswalder Bodden
FI-I-3: Occurrence of thermophilic species in inland waters – case study

Cluster Soil
Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘soil’ action field
BO-I-1 + 2: Soil water in agriculturally used soils and soil water in forest soils – case study
BO-I-3: Rainfall erosivity
BO-I-4: Temperature in the topsoil
BO-R-1: Humus contents in soils of arable land and grassland soils – case study
BO-R-2: Permanent grassland terrain

Cluster Agriculture
Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘agriculture’ action field
LW-I-1: Agrophenological phase shifts
LW-I-2: Yield fluctuations
LW-I-3: Hailstone damage in agriculture
LW-I-4: Infestation with pest organism – case study
LW-R-1: Adaptation of management rhythms
LW-R-2 + 3: Cultivation and production of thermophilic arable crops and adaptation of the variety spectrum in viticulture
LW-R-4: Cultivation of thermophilic crops
LW-R-5: Sales and application of pesticides
LW-R-6: Agricultural irrigation

Cluster Woodland and forestry
Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘woodland and forestry’ act
FW-I-1: Tree species composition in natural forest reserves - case study
FW-I-2: Incremental growth in timber
FW-I-3 + 4: Forest condition and dieback rate
FW-I-5: Damaged timber – extent of random use
FW-I-6 + 7: Endangered spruce stands and spruce bark beetle
FW-I-8: Forest fire hazards and forest fires
FW-R-1: Financial support for forest transformation
FW-R-2: Conservation of forest-genetic resources
FW-R-3: Humus reserves in forest soils
FW-R-4 + 5: Utilisation of raw timber and timber construction quota
FW-R-6: Silvicultural information on the theme of adaptation

Cluster Biological diversity
BD-I-1: Phenological changes in wild plant species
BD-I-2: Temperature index for bird species communities
BD-I-3: Temperature index of butterfly species communities
BD-R-1: Consideration of climate change in landscape programmes and framework plans
BD-R-2: Restoration of natural flood plains
BD-R-3: Protected areas

Cluster Building Sector
Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘building sector’ action field
BAU-I-1 + 2: Heat stress in urban environments and summer heat island effect
BAU-I-3: Cooling degree days
BAU-I-4: Heavy rain in residential areas
BAU-I-5: Claims expenditure for property insurance
BAU-R-1: Recreation areas
BAU-R-2: Green roofs in cities
BAU-R-5: Insurance density natural hazard insurance residential buildings
BAU-R-3: Investments in the energetic refurbishment of building envelopes
BAU-R-4: Insurance density of extended natural hazard insurance for residential buildings

Cluster Energy industry
EW-I-1+2: Weather-related disruptions in and unavailabilty of power supply

Cluster Transport, transport infrastructure
Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘transport' action field
VE-I-1 + 2: Flood closures and low water restrictions on the Rhine
VE-I-3: Heavy rain impacting on roads
VE-I-4: Road accidents due to weather conditions and weather patterns
VE-I-5: Impacts on roads due to weather conditions and weather patterns
VE-I-6: Weather-related disruptions to the railway infrastructure

Cluster Trade and industry
Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘trade and industry’ action
IG-I-1: Heat-related decrease in efficiency
IG-R-1: Perception of the relevance of physical climate risks in trade and industry
IG-R-2: Exposure of Germany’s foreign trade to global climate change
IG-R-3: Water procurement in the processing industry

Cluster Tourism industry
Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘tourism industry’ action field
TOU-I-1: Coastal bathing temperatures
TOU-I-2: Snow cover for winter tourism
TOU-I-3: Market shares held by wider tourism areas
TOU-R-1: Seasonality of bed-nights in wider tourism areas

Cluster Financial services industry
Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘financial services industry' action field
FiW-I-1:Claims ratio, combined ratio in homeowners’ comprehensive insurance
FiW-R-1: Public awareness of storm and flooding risks
FiW-R-2: Awareness of physical climate risks among financial services

Cluster Spatial, regional and urban development planning
RO-R-1: Priority and restricted areas reserved for wildlife and landscape conservation
RO-R-2: Priority and reserved areas groundwater / drinking water
RO-R-3: Priority and restricted areas for (preventive) flood control
RO-R-4: Priority and restricted areas reserved for special climate functions
RO-R-5: Increase in settlement and transport areas
RO-R-6: Land use for settlements in officially designated flood plains

Cluster Civic protection
Effects chain – Example presentation from the ‘civic protection’ action field
BS-I-1: Person hours due to weather-related damage events
BS-R-1: Information on how to act in a disaster situation
BS-R-2: Precautions taken among the population
BS-R-3: Exercise volume
BS-R-4: Active emergency relief responders in civic protection

Cluster Cross-sectional activities carried out at Federal level
HUE-1: Manageability of climate change impacts
HUE-2: Usage of warning and information services
HUE-3: Federal grants for promoting research projects on climate change impacts and adaptation
HUE-4: Adaptation to climate change at the municipal level
HUE-5: International finance for climate adaptation (from budgetary funds)