effect

Despite the fact that, according to current knowledge, there are no known effects on human health, precautionary action should be taken to reduce the release of pharmaceutical substances into the environment, especially as there is still no knowledge of the effects of chronic intake – even at low concentrations – on humans and the environment.

Residues of human medicinal products for human use enter the environment primarily through wastewater. Pharmaceutical substances are highly biologically active and can have harmful effects on living organisms, particularly in aquatic environments.

Nanotechnology involves research and development, production and processing of structures and materials on a nanometre scale. Nanotechnology deals with the production and application of processes and materials composed of structurally definable particles on a scale of about 100 nanometres (1 nm = 10-9 m) or less in at least one dimension.