Use of PFOS in chromium plating – Characterisation of closed-loop systems, use of alternative substances

PFOS (Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid) is a persistent organic pollutant. Its use has been strictly restricted by the Stockholm Convention and EU POP Regulation. In the EU, the use of PFOS is still permitted for “non-decorative hard chromium (VI) plating in closed loop systems” in the plating industry, as a specific exemption. With the aim of minimizing PFOS-emissions into the environment, this project describes the characteristics and possible improvements of a closed loop system. Both non-fluorinated compounds and short-chain fluorinated compounds are discussed as substitutes for PFOS in the plating industry.