Publications | Umweltbundesamt

Climate | Energy, Water, Sustainability | Strategies | International matters

Climate-relevant greenhouse gas emissions of inland waters in Germany and estimation of their mitigation potential by restoration measures

A review

According to a UBA study, water bodies can be sources of greenhouse gases and thus contribute to climate change. In our surface waters carbon and nitrogen can be transformed into carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. The type of gas that is produced, results from various biological and chemical decomposition processes of organic material. In heavily anthropogenically modified surface water, c...read more

Transport

Decision parameters of an MRV scheme for integrating non-CO₂ aviation effects into EU ETS

In addition to CO2, aviation affects the climate through other emissions and atmospheric processes, such as the formation of ozone and contrail cirrus. Although these non-CO2 effects account for about 2/3 of aviation's total climate impact, they have not been regulated in the past.This report summarizes the most important decision parameters that need to be considered by policy-makers for the impl...read more

Climate | Energy, Transport

DLR Review of an EASA Report requested by the European Commission

„Updated analysis of the non-CO₂ climate impacts of aviation and potential policy measures pursuant to EU Emissions Trading System Directive Article 30(4)”

In addition to CO₂, aviation affects the climate through other emissions and atmospheric processes, such as the formation of ozone and contrail cirrus. Although these non-CO₂ effects account for about 2/3 of aviation's total climate impact, they have not been regulated in the past.According to Article 30(4) of the EU ETS Directive, ‘the Commission shall present (before January 2020) an updated ana...read more

Climate | Energy, Transport

Software for a simplified estimation of CO₂ equivalents of individual flights

In addition to CO2, aviation affects the climate through other emissions and atmospheric processes, such as the formation of ozone and contrail cirrus. These non-CO2 effects account for about 2/3 of aviation's total climate impact but can vary widely from flight to flight. Although scientists have complex models to determine the climate impact of individual flights, there was no simple tool for th...read more

Climate | Energy, Transport

Testing of a verification scheme for integrating non-CO₂ aviation effects into EU ETS

In addition to CO2, aviation affects the climate through other emissions and atmospheric processes, such as the formation of ozone and contrail cirrus. These non-CO2 effects account for about 2/3 of aviation's total climate impact but can vary widely from flight to flight. In order to target mitigation measures, it is therefore essential to calculate the climate impact at the level of individual f...read more

Climate | Energy, Transport

Testing of a monitoring and reporting scheme for integrating non-CO₂ aviation effects into EU ETS

In addition to CO2, aviation affects the climate through other emissions and atmospheric processes, such as the formation of ozone and contrail cirrus. These non-CO2 effects account for about 2/3 of aviation's total climate impact but can vary widely from flight to flight. In order to target mitigation measures, it is therefore essential to calculate the climate impact at the level of individual f...read more

Chemicals

Shaping a proper use of biocides

Learning from national examples to enhance environmental protection during the use-phase of biocides

Further action is required beyond active substance approval and product authorization of biocidal products to protect the environment. This action could be European legislation on the use-phase of certain biocides to shape their “proper use”. Whilst such piece of legislation is missing on EU level, countries have been implementing national measures. Within this document, we compiled examples from...read more

Water

Hearing in Penguins

The project studied the hearing ability of Humboldt penguins. The hearing ability of the penguins was determined psychoacoustically and by auditory evoked potentials (AEP). The results show that penguins hear best between 1 and 4 kHz in air. In addition, an animal audiogram database was created to facilitate comparison between the published audiograms of different aquatic animals. Penguins respond...read more