Publications | Umweltbundesamt

Climate | Energy, Economy | Consumption

Identification, analysis and presentation of the products in the industrial sectors covered by the EU ETS, their economic importance and their significance for CO₂ emissions

In this data research project, quantitative data from available sources of information relating to two core topics will be researched and compiled in a uniform data format:1. product-related material flows, energy consumption and (direct and indirect) greenhouse gas emissions within the scope of the EU-ETS 1, with a focus on the steel, cement, aluminium, refinery and basic chemicals industries.2....read more

Air, Agriculture, Sustainability | Strategies | International matters

Detailed Annexes to the “UNECE Guidance document on national nitrogen budgets"

Update 2025

Anthropogenic activities to a great extent influence and alter the natural nitrogen cycle. The existing guidance document offers detailed description to inventory human influenced nitrogen fluxes on a national level. In eight chapters, the eight technical annexes are described to implement a national nitrogen budget. A National nitrogen budget serves as a tool of the Geneva Convention on long-rang...read more

Climate | Energy

Unpacking Article 2.1(c): Conceptual and Political Dimensions of Climate-Consistent Finance under the Paris Agreement

Discussion Paper

In Article 2.1 (c) of the Paris Agreement, the international community sets itself the goal of ensuring that global financial flows are consistent with the objectives of the Agreement. But how can we determine whether this goal is being achieved? The German Federal Environment Agency has commissioned a research project to develop an assessment approach to this question.This discussion paper lays t...read more

Chemicals, Health, Water

Risk assessment of munition compounds in the German North and Baltic Sea (CONMAR-Impact)

Contribution to the CONMAR Project (CONcepts for conventional MArine munition Remediation in the German North and Baltic Sea)

The German Environment Agency has conducted tests to determine the ecotoxicity of TNT and its metabolites 2-ADNT and 4-ADNT, as well as other munition compounds (1,3-DNB and 2,6-DNT) by using two marine diatom species (Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Skeletonema marinoi) in accordance with DIN EN ISO 10253 (2016) and derived effect concentrations on this basis.Environmental quality standards (EQS),...read more

Climate | Energy, Economy | Consumption, Transport, Sustainability | Strategies | International matters

The extension of the EU ETS 1 to maritime transport: market and policy mix analysis

An analysis of the new sector in the EU ETS 1

The aim of this report is to analyse the (economic) impacts of the extension of the EU ETS 1 to maritime transport on the sector and the interlinkages with other policies considering the overall climate impacts. The report contains a market analysis for maritime transport services, which was carried out for maritime and inland shipping. The report also analyses the qualitative effects and interact...read more

Chemicals, Soil | Land, Water

Groundwater discharges of biocides from façades in urban regions

GRUBURG

Biocides, commonly used in building materials, are released through precipitation and can contaminate the groundwater. The study evaluates the transport of biocides through urban pathways — vegetated soils, permeable pavements, and infiltration systems — and gives recommendations for refining the European Emission Scenario Documents (ESD).The aim is to enhance groundwater protection in urban areas...read more

Climate | Energy

The relevance of autochthonous vs. allochthonous carbon in Blue Carbon ecosystems for climate change mitigation

As part of the research project FKZ 3722 42 510 0 ‘Climate protection measures in coastal regions and waters’

Blue Carbon ecosystems, such as mangroves, salt marshes, and seagrass meadows, play a vital role in climate mitigation by storing atmospheric CO₂ in their soils.This paper highlights the critical need to distinguish between autochthonous (locally fixed) and allochthonous (externally sourced) carbon to ensure accurate carbon accounting. It states, that the inclusion of allochthonous carbon may over...read more

Climate | Energy

Potential of blue carbon for global climate mitigation - Factsheet

As part of the research project FKZ 3722 42 510 0 ‘Climate protection measures in coastal regions and waters’

Coastal ecosystems, including mangroves, seagrass meadows and tidal marshes, function as natural carbon sinks, thereby playing a vital role in the global carbon cycle. These Blue Carbon ecosystems have been found to be effective carbon storage mechanisms, whilst also providing a habitat for biodiversity and enhancing coastal resilience.This factsheet provides a comprehensive overview of the releva...read more