The report describes the scientific background and motivation to develop an OECD Guidance Document on the determination on dissolution and dispersion stability of nanomaterials in the environment. It presents the process and approach to develop the GD and summarizes its relevance for risk assessment and regulation of nanomaterials. The “OECD Guidance Document No. 318 for the testing of dissolution and dispersion stability of nanomaterials, and the use of the data for further environmental testing and assessment strategies" is available at the webpages of the OECD Test Guideline Programme.