This publication explores the scientific dimensions of blue carbon (BC) for global climate mitigation. BC is defined and criteria for identifying BC measures are outlined based on a comprehensive analysis of current scientific literature. The potential of coastal ecosystems in mitigating climate change and their significance in shaping international climate policy are assessed, while evaluating the possibility of incorporating BC emissions and removals in national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories. Evidence-based recommendations for integrating BC into robust climate strategies are presented, offering valuable insights for interested policy makers, researchers and climate advocates alike.